Lifecourse - Family and Demography

Whom Do Immigrants Marry? Emerging Patterns of Intermarriage and Integration in the United States

We document patterns of intermarriage between immigrants and natives during a period of unprecedented growth in the size and diversity of America’s foreign-born population. Roughly one in six U.S. marriages today involve immigrants and a large share includes U.S.-born partners. Ethno-racial background clearly shapes trajectories of immigrant social integration. White immigrants are far more likely than other groups to marry U.S.-born natives, mostly other whites. Black immigrants are much less likely to marry black natives or out-marry with other groups.

Childhood Environment and Gender Gaps in Adulthood

We show that differences in childhood environments play an important role in shaping gender gaps in adulthood by documenting three facts using population tax records for children born in the 1980s. First, gender gaps in employment rates, earnings, and college attendance vary substantially across the parental income distribution. Notably, the traditional gender gap in employment rates is reversed for children growing up in poor families: boys in families in the bottom quintile of the income distributionare less likely to work than girls.

The Great Recession and Parents' Relationships

Economic downturns are stressful experiences for those affected by them, as well as those connected to affected family members and loved ones. Did the recent Great Recession lead to significant changes in the relationships between parents of young children?

Podcast: The Lasting Impacts of SNAP and EITC

Diantha Parker talks with UC Davis economist Hilary Hoynes about how the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) can help to reduce poverty...permanently.

Private Financial Transfers, the Great Recession, and Family Context

Using longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N=4,701), we studied private financial transfers (PFTs) among mothers with young children during the Great Recession. We explored whether the unemployment rate was associated with PFTs received and whether family income and family structure moderated this association.

Necessary Reductions or Increased Support? Parental Investments in Children During the Great Recession

In this article, we examine the impact of one such event - the Great Recession of the late 2000s - on one potential mechanism of transmission: parents' financial investments in children. Because parents at different points in the income distribution have different resources, they may make different decisions or have different abilities to respond to times of economic hardship and uncertainty.

The Great Recession and Married Parents' Use of Time

This paper describes the time spent by married fathers and mothers in home production and child-care over the period 2003-2011 in the American Time Use Survey (n = 37,228). The recession increased the likelihood that fathers participated in both home production and childcare. However, it decreased the amount of fathers’ time in home production among participants. This had the overall effect of lowering the amount of fathers’ time in home production in the recession by about 35 minutes per week.

The Great Recession and Mother's Health

We investigate the impacts of the Great Recession on the health of women with children using the last two waves of the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study. We model the financial crisis with changes in the state unemployment rate and we focus on a wide range of physical and mental health outcomes, as well as health behaviors. Our findings from the individual fixed effects models suggest heterogeneous impacts across demographic and socioeconomic groups.

Intimate Partner Violence in the Great Recession

In the United States, the Great Recession has been marked by severe negative shocks to labor market conditions. In this study, we combine longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study with Bureau of Labor Statistics data on local area unemployment rates to examine the relationship between adverse labor market conditions and intimate partner violence between 1999 and 2010. We find that rapidly worsening labor market conditions are associated with increases in the prevalence of violent/controlling behavior in marriage.

Less Than Equal: Racial Disparities in Wealth Accumulation

When it comes to economic gaps between whites and communities of color in the United States, income inequality tells part of the story. But let's not forget about wealth. Wealth isn't just money in the bank, it's insurance against tough times, tuition to get a better education and a better job, savings to retire on, and a springboard into the middle class. In short, wealth translates into opportunity.

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